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TDX-1250 1250噸頂驅
美國國民油井華高（NOV）是世界石油天然氣工業領域的領導者，在過去的140多年里，一直專注于提供最高質量的油田產品及服務。國民油井華高是集鉆采設備、集成系統、井下工具及供應鏈解決方案為一體的綜合服務商。從一個備件到一套完整鉆井系統，從一個普通的閥門到一套集成的供應鏈程序，國民油井華高提供完善的用戶解決方案。
國民油井華高以其高質量的產品和國際級的服務水準，越來越吸引中國高端客戶。日前，本刊記者走近國民油井華高，就用戶關注的問題，對其中國區設備銷售經理周秘和蘭石國民油井聯絡經理丁左進行了專訪。
未來競爭與造血優勢
目前在石油開發領域，大油田處在開發中，新油田卻處于待開發階段，國際尋找石油的目標已¾¬逐漸朝著深海、沙漠、高寒地帶等條件艱苦的地區邁進，加之高油價時代的來臨，面對這樣的形勢，擁有百年歷史的國民油井華高公司，針對石油勘探開發業該如何應對的問題，周秘有自己獨到的看法。
周秘指出：石油勘探的競爭就是石油裝備的競爭。伴隨油價的攀升，推動了石油公司在以往高成本地區作業的可能性。在國外，探明儲量和可采儲量是衡量油公司長期發展潛力的重要指標。油公司為保持和提升未來造血能力就必須依賴于對新的區塊的勘探開發，而隨著人類在陸地、淺海的開發提升空間日益有限，對從前開發難度大甚至不可能開發地區的作業就提上了日程。由此，新裝備、高技術含量裝備必然成為上述作業不可或缺的工具�？碧介_發業勢必要不斷提升自己在裝備上的水平，由此保持在未來競爭中的造血優勢。
據悉，美國國民油井華高的核心技術，一直在引領世界鉆井裝備技術的發展。1981年第一臺頂驅問世，1986年第一臺盤剎問世，2004年推出不間斷循環鉆井系統，近期相繼推出高移運性的理想鉆機和快速鉆機，等壁厚定子的螺桿鉆具、智能鉆桿等一系列新產品。另據周秘經理介紹，美國國民油井華高的產品線涵蓋了鉆采裝備的大多數領域，如井架、交流變頻絞車、電子司鉆、頂驅、排管系統、鐵鉆工、動力卡瓦、動力吊卡、動力錨道、馬丁代克鉆井儀表、Brandt全套固控設備、Shaffer防噴器、BJ井口工具。形象地說，其產品包含從井下的鉆頭開始到地面發電機之間的所有設備和工具。
高油價與前沿技術研發
據記者了解，國內許多企業很想知道，國民油井華高的技術及服務在國外處于怎樣的地位？伴隨國際石油勘探開發力度和難度的不斷加大，對于國民油井華高，究竟是機遇還是挑戰？他們將如何應對？
針對上述問題，周秘經理給記者提供了一份《2008年5月油氣服務上市值排名》。他指出，在國際上，作為油田服務商，NOV位列第三。其業務范圍涵蓋上下游6大環節中的鉆井、完井和生產3個環節。在石油鉆探設備領域，NOV首屈一指。“石油勘探開發對所有裝備制造和生產商都提出了更高要求。不斷開發新產品、新技術，是保持競爭力的不變法則。只有迎接挑戰才有可能把握機遇。”
針對當前油價高企并呈現出不斷攀升的局勢，對國民油井華高公司是否會帶來影響？具體到產品，就其產品而言，是提高產品技術含量，還是對產品更新換代？或者找到新的解決方案？周秘告訴記者，高油價直接導致了對裝備的大量需求，特別是NOV的優勢產品，其生產和訂單量在過去3年中都有大幅提升。
現有訂單的激增更促進了NOV對產品的研發，公司在提高現有產品技術水平的同時也在開發更加前沿的新裝備。例如與傳統設備完全不同的六缸泵和連續Ѭ環鉆井裝置。但以可靠性為第一要求的石油裝備，所有的新技術都必須通過長期的實踐才可能為市場所接受。
與此同時，周秘還認為，高油價也提升了替代能源的研發和應用速度。NOV對此也十分關注，作為有著百年歷史的公司，NOV必須將目光投向5年~10年以后的技術市場。
石油裝備界的沃爾瑪
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ST-80C 便攜式鐵鉆工
NOV日益集合了石油裝備領域的多種產品，在公司的產品目錄中集中了各個領域的優秀品牌。該公司目前在全球47個國家擁有的600多個直屬機構，在未來5年中，NOV希望進一步提升其全球化的水平。目前，北美市場依然是公司的重點業務區域。但是，他們希望5年后能夠將國際市場在NOV業績中的比重提升到60%甚至更高水平。OTC歷來都是各個公司展示新產品、新技術的重要舞臺，從上圖中可以看到在2008年OTC上NOV所展示的最新產品。當然，這還僅是他們所展示內容中的一部分。
NOV歷來重視技術創新，不斷提高設備性能以保障油田作業的安全性和高效性。同時也通過對前沿技術的應用來減小設備的尺寸，一個顯著的應用就是永磁電機在吊機、頂驅、泥漿泵和絞車上的使用。
據悉，NOV的品牌自1841年以來日益得到用戶的認可。為進一步完美及保證產品的最高質量及服務，NOV將產品的生產組織及服務進行了一體化的管理整合。同時在全球最先進的培訓中心加強對服務人員的技術培訓。丁左先生告訴記者：“生產制造方面，我們要求所有產品在出廠前100%滿足高質量的測試及檢驗，嚴格把關。將售后質量服務減到最小；建立了集備件及服務維修一體的鉆機服務中心。開發并建立了全球e-Hawk 24/7（全天24小時，每周七天）式在線服務網絡，以達到最快的用戶服務請示響應機制，以滿足用戶對NOV產品系統在應用中的診斷，應急及服務支持；充分利用NOV遍布全球的170多個分銷網絡服務中心和NOV的現場備件支持技術，為用戶提供完整快捷的供應鏈管理服務。”
丁左先生特別指出：“NOV的產品在中國石油鉆采設備上享有頂級品牌知名度。其服務隨著對本地服務人員的培養和投入，使得其在中國的產品售后安裝及服務響應更加快速有效。”
隨著NOV在中國投資建立的合資（2001年）及獨資（2004年）企業規模的逐步擴大，目前NOV在華鉆機制造基地已成為NOV全球生產供應鏈上不可缺少的一環。特別是三缸泥漿泵及金屬結構方面，NOV在華企業已成為NOV可以依靠的重要生產基地，近幾年出口額的年增長率都在30%以上。
丁左先生表示，為更好地服務于未來客戶需求，通過不斷地開發和獲取新的技術和服務，國民油井華高將繼續在世界范圍內成為各類產品及服務的最出色來源。
National Oilwell Varco is the leading provider for the worldwide oil and gas industry and has been dedicated to providing the highest quality oilfield products and services for more than 140 years. National Oilwell Varco is the single source for all of your rig equipment, integrated systems, downhole tools, and supply chain solutions. From a spare part to a comprehensive drilling system and from a generic valve to a fully integrated supply chain process, National Oilwell Varco delivers unlimited customer solutions.
By constantly developing and acquiring new technologies and services to better serve future customer requirements, National Oilwell Varco will continue to be the premier source for diversified products and services worldwide. Recently, the reporter had an interview with Zhou Mi, the sales manager of NOV China, and Ding Zuo, the communication manager of Lanzhou LS-NOW.
Sustaining profitability in future competition
Now large oil fields are being developed and new oil fields remain to be developed. The international oil companies have started to target difficult places such as deep sea, desert and icy alpine regions. As the oil price is high now, Zhou said that as an executive of National Oilwell Varco that has a century-long history, the key to competition in oil exploration is equipment. The rising oil price has increased the possibility of oil companies operating in originally high-cost regions. In foreign countries, proved reserves and recoverable reserves are important indicators of long-term development potential for oil companies. To sustain profitability of these oil companies is dependent on their oil exploration and development of new regions. However, the space for oil exploration and development on land and in shallow sea is increasingly limited, which has put difficult or even impossible development mission on the agenda. As a result, new technology and equipment have become indispensable for these operations. Oil exploration and development companies must constantly improve their equipments to sustain their profitability in future competition.
It is reported that the core technology of NOV has been leading the world's drilling equipment and technology. In 1981, the first top-drive was produced. And the non-stop reacting cycle drilling well system was launched in 2004. Recently, series of new products have been launched one by one, such as fast drilling rigs, screw drills and intelligent drill pipes and so on. According to Zhou, NOV’s products cover most areas of the drilling equipment sector, such as the derrick, winch, e-driller, top drive, control scheduling system, iron workers drilling, power kava , elevator power, power anchor, Martin Updike drilling instrumentation, Brandt solid set of control equipment, Shaffer blowout preventer, BJ wellhead tool etc. Figuratively speaking, NOV’s products contain all the equipment and tools in the drilling process.
Rising oil price and high-technology development
According to the reporter, many domestic compaies wonder: Where is NOV in terms of its technology and service overseas? How does NOV cope with increasing difficulty in oil exploration and development across the world? Is this an opportunity or a challenge? Zhou gave his answer to these questions. Zhou said, in the international market, as an oilfield service provider, NOV ranks third (Table 1), and its business scope covers drilling, well completion and production, three links of the six upstream and downstream links. Oil drilling equipments of NOV are first-rate in the world. Oil exploration and development has raised higher requirements for equipment manufacturers. The key to maintaining your competitiveness is to keep developing new products and technologies, and you cannot seize the opportunity if you don’t face the challenge.
What is the impact of the current rising oil price over NOV? Will NOV try to make the products more technology intensive or update the products? Or will NOV try to find new solutions? Zhou told the reporter, the rising oil price has contributed to growing demand for equipments, particularly for competitive products of NOV. The output and orders have grown dramatically in the past three years.
Besides, the increasing orders have encouraged NOV to place higher premium on R&D of products. While improving the technology of the current products, NOV is also strengthening development of more cutting-edge equipments, such as six-cylinder pump and continuous cycle drilling equipment, which is totally different from traditional equipments. As reliability is the primary focus of oil equipments, all the new technologies will not be accepted by the market without long-term practice.
The rising oil price has also accelerated R&D and use of alternative energies. NOV is also keeping an eye on this. As a century-long company, NOV must eye the technology market five to ten years from now.
To be a commonplace in the oil equipment sector
NOV has increasingly become commonplace in the oil equipment sector. The catalog of the company has included all the outstanding brands of various fields. While already operating in 47 countries with over 600 locations, NOV is further increasing its globalization in the coming five years. We hope to raise NOV profit from the global market to 60 percent or a higher level. OTC has been an important stage for companies to show their new products and technologies. From the picture below, you can see new products of NOV at OTC in 2008. Of course they are just part of NOV products.
NOV places innovation at the top of our priority list. We are constantly improving our equipment and finding ways to make the oil field safer and more efficient. We are also utilizing cutting-edge technology to decrease the overall footprint of our equipment as well, such as permanent magnet motors on our cranes, top drives, mud pumps and drawworks.
OTC has been an important stage for companies to show their new products and technologies. From the picture below, you can see new products of NOV in 2008. Of course they are just part of our products.
Ding said, the brand of NOV has been recognized by the world since 1841. To improve and ensure high quality of its products and services, NOV has integrated management of production and services. We are also training our service technicians at state-of-the-art training facilities with all the latest developments in technology.
a. As for production, NOV require 100 percent of products to pass high quality check and testing so as to minimize after-sale service.
b. NOV has set up a drill service center that provides spare parts and maintenance and repair service. It has also set up a 24/7 global online service network called e-Hawk to respond to clients as quickly as possible, so as to support diagnosis and emergency service to clients using NOV products.
c. NOV has also made full use of its world-wide network of over 170 Distribution Service Center to provide complete and rapid supply chain management service to clients, and we are also setting up on rig supply stores, the NOV RigStore, for on site inventory management to keep our customers operational.
Ding said, NOV oil drilling and recovery equipments are highly recognized by China. The growing input into training of local service human resources has made NOV after-sale and installment service more responsive.
With gradual expansion of NOV joint-stock companies (in 2001) and wholly-owned companies (in 2004) in China, NOV China-based drill production base has become an integral part of NOV global supply chain. NOV China-based companies, particularly in terms of three cylinder mud pump and metal structure, have become an important reliable production base for NOV, with their annual export growing over 30 percent in recent years.
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